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Nitrogen, Salinity, and Acidity Distribution in an Irrigated Orchard Soil as Affected by Placement of Nitrogen Fertilizers¹

ABSTRACT

A field experiment was conducted to determine the vertical and lateral changes in the distribution of nitrogen, salinity, and acidity occurring in an irrigated orchard soil following addition of (NH₄)₂SO₄, NH₄NO₃, or Ca(NO₃)₂ by broadcast, in broad band, or in narrow band. The NH₄ and NO₃ contents in soil decreased rapidly even under narrow band placements. Considerable nitrate movement was observed. After 1 year, neither the total nor the inorganic N level in the fertilized plots was significantly different from that of the control. High salinity was detected under the narrow band placements, but the level diminished rapidly with time. Little salinity was evident under the broad band or broadcast placements. However, the acidity produced by the ammonium fertilizers persisted after 1 year. Changes in soil properties under narrow bands were drastic, whereas changes under broad bands were insignificant.

¹ Contribution from the College of Agr., Washington State Univ., Pullman 99163. Project number 1475, Scientific Paper no. 3714. Part of senior author's Ph.D. thesis, Washington State Univ., 1971.

² Former Graduate Student, Soil Scientist, and Associate Professor of Soils, respectively, Dep. of Agronomy and Soils. The Senior Author is now Assistant Professor of Soils, Univ. of the Philippines, College, Laguna, Philippines.

Received for publication April 4, 1972. Accepted for publication June 7, 1972.