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Effects of Straw, Calcium Chloride, and Submergence on a Sodic Soil¹

ABSTRACT

The effects of straw and CaCl₂ during 130 days of submergence, and the effects of these amendments under submerged aerobic vs. anaerobic conditions for a period of 30 days were studied. Comparisons of pH, EC, Na, Ca + Mg, K, Fe, the optical density of the water extract, and ESP were used to evaluate the effects of these amendments. The straw and straw + CaCl₂ treatments had the largest effect in lowering the pH and the ESP, increasing the Na and Ca + Mg concentrations and the EC. Submerged anaerobic conditions had the largest effect on promoting these reactions. The concentration of Fe²⁺ was highest in the straw treatments whereas CaCl₂ had a depressing effect on the soluble Fe²⁺. The optical density was lowest in the straw plus CaCl₂ amendment treated soil and the effect of this treatment was larger under anaerobic conditions.

Wheat straw under anaerobic conditions caused an increase in the sum of Na plus Ca plus Mg that was about three times greater than the sum of these cations in the straw itself. In combination with CaCl₂ wheat straw reduced the loss of Ca from solution observed when CaCl₂ alone was added to soil.

¹ Contribution from the Dep. of Soil Science & Agricultural Engineering, Univ. of California, Riverside, Calif. 92502. Research supported by the US Agency for International Development.

² Graduate Student and Professor of Soil Science, respectively.

Received for publication September 5, 1972. Accepted for publication October 27, 1972.