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Rate and Mechanism of Na-Montmorillonite Hydrolysis in Suspensions¹

ABSTRACT

The electrical conductivities of the Na-montmorillonite suspensions at various NaCl concentrations and two temperatures as a function of time were recorded. The conductivities of the suspensions were found to increase with time indicating that the suspensions were not stable. The rate of the spontaneous decomposition was found to increase with the clay concentration in the suspension and with the temperature. When the electrical conductivities were plotted against the square root of time, a straight line was obtained. These findings suggest that the mechanism of the reaction consists of two elementary consecutive reactions: the first is a rapid exchange reaction between adsorbed Na and H⁺ ions in solution and the second reaction is a first-order transformation of H-clay to Al-clay.

¹ Contribution from the Institute of Soils and Water, ARO, Volcani Center, Bet-Datan, Israel, 1973, Series No. 147-E.

² Soil Scientist, Institute of Soils and Water, Volcani Center, ARO, Bet-Dagan, Israel.

Received for publication January 29, 1973. Accepted for publication April 24, 1973.