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Published in Soil Sci Soc Am J 38:231-234 (1974)
© 1974 Soil Science Society of America
677 S. Segoe Rd., Madison, WI 53711 USA
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The Surface Catalyzed Hydrolysis of Parathion on Kaolinite1

Sarina Saltzman, Bruno Yaron and Uri Mingelgrin2

ABSTRACT

The decomposition of parathion on various monoionic kaolinites was investigated. The degradation was found to proceed via the hydrolysis of the phosphate ester to p-nitrophenol and diethyl thiophosphate. The kaolinites were found to catalyze the hydrolysis. The nature of the exchangeable cation greatly affected the rate of hydrolysis. Ca-kaolinite was the most active in inducing the degradation of parathion, the hydrolysis being twice as fast as in a water solution at pH 8.5 at the same temperature. The presence of a large excess of water decreased the catalytic effect of the kaolinite. The mechanism of the hydrolysis is via adsorption of the parathion upon the exchangeable cation or its hydration shell. The temperature dependence of the process is consistent with this proposed mechanism. The significant catalytic activity of kaolinites and its dependence on the exchangeable cation is important to the understanding of the degradation of parathion in soil and may be utilized in the formulation of parathion for various purposes.

NOTES

1 Contribution from the Agr. Res. Org., Volcani Center, Bet Dagan, Israel. 1973 Series no. 318-E. This research has been financed in part by a grant made by the US Dep. of Argiculture, ARS, authorized by Public Law 480.

2 Scientist, Senior Scientist, and Scientist, Institute of Soils and Water, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, Bet Dagan, Israel.

Received for publication August 17, 1973. Accepted for publication November 7, 1973.






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