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Reactions of Ammonium Ortho- and Polyphosphate Fertilizers in Soil: I. Mobility of Phosphorus¹

ABSTRACT

The mobility of P applied as diammonium orthophosphate (DAP), triammonium pyrophosphate (TPP), or ammonium polyphosphate (APP) was studied in columns of Hartsells fine sandy loam. The fertilizer dissolved in soil moisture that moved towards the application site. This water movement was sometimes against a gradient in soil moisture content, but it was along a gradient in the total potential of soil water.

The extent of P movement from all three sources was similar, but the distribution patterns were different. The extent of P movement was influenced more by the initial soil moisture content than by the source of P.

A higher fraction of the added P was precipitated when the source was TPP or APP than when it was DAP. The ability of the polyphosphates to sequester soil Fe and Al did not prevent the precipitation of these phosphates nor did it make them more mobile than the orthophosphates. It only delayed the precipitation reaction to a degree that depended on the polyphosphate content of the fertilizer material.

¹ Contribution from Soils and Fertilizer Research Branch, Div. of Agr. Dev., and Fundamental Research Branch, Div. of Chem. Dev., National Fertilizer Development Center, TVA, Muscle Shoals, AL 35660. Presented on 12 November 1968, at the annual SSSA meetings in New Orleans, Louisiana, in Session 3 of Div. S-2.

² Research Chemists.

Received for publication October 3, 1973. Accepted for publication January 28, 1974.