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Effect of Application Rate, Initial Soil Wetness, and Redistribution Time on Salt Displacement by Water¹

ABSTRACT

Certain concepts regarding the displacement and profile-spread of surface-salts with applied water and the leaching efficiency of the latter were experimentally verified using soil columns. Treatments included different amounts and rates of water application and different initial soil water contents. Salt and water profiles were determined by destructive sampling in 2-cm depth intervals after variable times of redistribution.

Salt front coincided with the water front in the initially dry soil and lagged behind it in the initially moist soil. Salt peak immediately after infiltration and after redistribution, for all initial soil water contents, occurred at a depth above which total water storage equalled infiltration. But the salt spread in the profile increased as the initial water content increased.

Immediately following infiltration, salt was displaced deeper with slower than with faster rates of water application. But when the application plus redistribution time was matched, the salt showed deeper movement with water added at faster than at slower rates. These results show that slower rates of water application may not increase the leaching efficiency of water under field conditions.

¹ Contribution from the Dept. of Soils, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India.

² Formerly Graduate Student, Research Assistant, and Professor of Soil Physics, respectively.

Received for publication April 12, 1974. Accepted for publication October 21, 1974.