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Lithologic Discontinuities in Loessial Soils of Southwestern Kentucky¹

ABSTRACT

Eleven soil pedons representing three soil series, commonly mapped as loess over contrasting residuum in southwestern Kentucky, were studied. Numerous tests were conducted to determine which parameters are most reliable in discerning loess from underlying residuum and at the same time to obtain more complete characterization of these soils. Soils studied include the Bedford (Typic Fragiudults), Crider (Typic Paleudalfs), and Zanesville (Typic Fragiudalfs) series. Quartz/feldspar ratios indicate that the three soil series are very similar in the upper horizons, but somewhat different in the lower horizons, and have clear lithologic discontinuities. The occurrence and location of this discontinuity in the soil pedon as determined by the quartz/feldspar parameter agree closely with the pedon morphology described in the field. Particle size distributions indicate that the upper horizons of all the pedons are very similar, particularly in silt content. Particle size distributions also indicate a clear lithologic discontinuity in each of the Bedford and Zanesville soil pedons but do not show a clear boundary for Crider soils. Results from particle size analysis, quartz/feldspar ratios and field observed morphology indicate the presence of a thin loess mantle over differing residuum in these southwestern Kentucky soils.

¹ Contribution from the Dep. of Agronomy, Univ. of Kentucky Lexington, 40506. The research reported in this paper (No. 74-3-109) is in connection with a project of the Kentucky Agr. Exp. Sta. and published with the approval of the Director. Presented before Div. S-5, Soil Sci. Soc. Amer., Miami Beach, Florida, 30 Oct. 1972.

² Former Graduate Assistant (deceased), Associate Professors and Professor of Agronomy, respectively.

Received for publication July 26, 1974. Accepted for publication October 9, 1974.