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Interactions Between Organic Compounds, Minerals, and Ions in Volcanic-ash-derived Soils: I. Adsorption of Benzoate, p-OH Benzoate, Salicylate, and Phthalate Ions¹

ABSTRACT

The adsorption, desorption, and competitive adsorption characteristics of benzoate, p-OH benzoate, salicylate, and phthalate were used as models to study the possible mechanisms involved in the interactions of organic compounds with amorphous materials. The studies were carried out in batch systems using subsoil samples of three Typic Dystrandept soils from Chile.

The adsorption of simple organic anions by soils derived from volcanic-ash can be described by an adsorption-pKa-pH relationship. The removal of organic matter with H₂O₂ did not affect the adsorption of organic anions. The adsorption characteristics obtained, together with desorption and competitive studies, suggest that benzoate was adsorbed by an anion-exchange reaction by volcanic-ash-derived soils. But p-OH benzoate, salicylate, and phthalate besides anion-exchange adsorption, were also adsorbed by ligand-exchange reactions. It is postulated that chelation ability would represent an important property for specific adsorption.

¹ Contribution from the Dept. of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Facultad de Ciencias Quimicas, Universidad de Chile; and Dept. of Soil Science and Agricultural Engineering, Univ. of California, Riverside 92502. Part of a dissertation submitted by the senior author in partial satisfaction of the requirements for a Ph.D. degree in Soil Science. Support of the Convenio Universidad de Chile-University of California Program is gratefully acknowledged.

² Former Graduate Student, Professor of Soil Science (deceased), and Professor of Soil Science, respectively.

Received for publication May 13, 1974. Accepted for publication February 19, 1975.