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Soil Potassium Relationships as Indicated by Solution Equilibrations and Plant Uptake¹

ABSTRACT

Four Ohio soils of wide range in K release capability were initially K-treated (0, 100, 200, 800 ppm) and successively cropped three times with corn in a growth chamber. Aliquots of the soils with and without K added and before and after cropping were assayed by extraction, equilibration, and plant uptake techniques for the effects of cropping and K-treatment. Uptake of K by the corn was closely related to the K release capabilities of the soils. Exchangeable K increased as rate of K increased. Initial cropping decreased the exchangeable K in all soils eliminating the effect of K treatments on exchangeable K. However, after initial cropping where no K was added, exchangeable K varied sixfold from the lowest to the highest. Nonexchangeable K removed with H₂SO₄ initially reflected K additions, but after the first crop, the values decreased progressively as K release capabilities of the soils increased. Parameters from Q/I isotherms of the soils gave correlations with percentage and total K contents of assay crops less satisfactory than for exchangeable and H₂SO₄ extractable K. There was a tendency for prior cropping to increase the fixation and reduce the plant recovery of subsequently applied K in the two soils high in clay and total K.

¹ Published with the permission of the Director of the Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center as Journal Article no. 7-75. Presented before Div. S-2 Soil Science Society of America, Chicago, Ill., 13 Nov. 1974. The results are taken from the Ph.D. dissertation of the senior author, Ohio State Univ., Sept. 1974.

² Former University Fellow and Research Associate, and Professor, Department of Agronomy, Ohio State Univ. and Ohio Agricultural Res. and Development Center.

Received for publication March 3, 1975. Accepted for publication July 28, 1975.