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Published in Soil Sci Soc Am J 39:1095-1099 (1975)
© 1975 Soil Science Society of America
677 S. Segoe Rd., Madison, WI 53711 USA
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Infrared Study of Exchangeable Cation Hydration in Montmorillonite1

Garrison Sposito and Duwayne M. Anderson2

ABSTRACT

Infrared absorption spectra in the 3000 cm-1 and 1600 cm-1 regions are reported for thin films of Na-, K-, Li-, and Ca-Wyoming bentonite previously dehydrated over P2O5 and over LiCl · H2O at room temperature. The spectra of Na- and K-clay exhibited very similar features in the 3000–3500 cm-1 region, which, together with other data, lead to the proposal that the exchangeable cations on these montmorillonites are dehydrated at relative humidities less than about 11%. The spectra of Li- and Ca-clay are very different from those of Na- and K-clay. A sharp doublet structure appears to be centered near 3650 cm-1 and the absorption in the 3000–3500cm-1 region generally is much deeper and broader. These differences are interpreted as evidence of the hydration of the exchangeable cations Li+ and Ca2+ at relative humidities less than about 11%. The conclusions drawn here are in agreement with previous findings based on infrared, differential thermal analysis, and desorption isotherm studies.

NOTES

1 Contribution from the Dep. of Soil Science & Agr. Eng., Univ. of Calif., Riverside 92502 and U.S. Army Cold Regions Research & Engineering Laboratory, Hanover, New Hamp. 03755.

2 Assistant Professor of Soil Science, Univ. of Calif., Riverside, and Chief, Earth Sciences Branch, CRREL, respectively.

Received for publication May 8, 1975. Accepted for publication July 9, 1975.






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