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Influence of Cation Content on the Biological Activity of Fensulfothion in Plainfield Sand¹

ABSTRACT

A study was conducted to assess the influence of cations on the biological activity of the organophosphorus insecticide, fensulfothion (O, O-diethylO-[p-(methylsulfinyl)phenyl] phosphorothioate)(Dasanit®) in soil. Bioassays were done using first stage crickets, Gryllus spp. as test insects and a Plainfield sand without and amended with various concentrations of reagent chloride salts of NH₄⁺, K⁺, Ca²⁺, Fe³⁺, and Al³⁺. The toxicity of fensulfothion decreased with increasing cation content, with the effect being most pronounced with trivalent > divalent > monovalent cations. Results of the bioactivity study paralleled those of an earlier adsorption study on fensulfothion-cation montmorillonite suspensions.

¹ Contribution No. 632. Research Institute, Agriculture Canada, University Sub Post Office, London, Ontario, Canada. N6A 5B7.

² Research Scientists, Research Institute, Agriculture Canada, London, Ontario, Canada.

Received for publication August 12, 1975. Accepted for publication February 18, 1976.