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Residual Effects of Calcium Silicate in Tropical Soils: I. Fate of Applied Silicon During Five Years Cropping¹

ABSTRACT

A field experiment was conducted at the Kauai Branch Station to study the long-term effects of calcium silicate applied to a Gibbsihumox soil. The fate of applied Si was determined during 5 years of cropping at one P (280 kg/ha) and three pH levels (5.5, 6.0, and 6.5). Plant uptake by the sugarcane plant (Saccharum officinarum L.) and ratoon crops, corn, (Zea mays L.), and seven harvests of kikuyugrass (Pennesetum clandestinum H.) accounted for 12 to 21% of the applied Si. Repeated extraction of profile samples taken at the end of 5 years with 0.1N acetic acid adjusted to pH 3.5 and containing 50 ppm P recovered 14 to 28% of the applied Si. There was no evidence that applied Si moved below the 30-cm soil depth. This indicated that 57 to 72% of the applied Si remained in the soil in some fixed form not readily displaced by phosphate solution. Water-soluble Si and plant uptake of Si decreased as pH increased while phosphate-extractable Si increased as pH increased.

¹ Contribution from Hawaii Agric. Exp. Stn., Univ. of Hawaii. Part of a dissertation submitted by the senior author in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Ph.D. degree in Agronomy and Soil Sci. Presented before Div. S-4, Soil Sci. Soc. of Am., Las Vegas, Nevada, 13 Nov. 1973.

² Former Graduate Student, Soil Scientist, and Professor, respectively, Dep. of Agronomy and Soil Sci., Univ. of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822. The senior author is now Assistant Professor, Center for Wetland Resources, Louisiana State Univ., Baton Rouge, LA 70803.

Received for publication May 16, 1977. Accepted for publication September 23, 1977.