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Serious Interferences in the Determination of Trace Metals in Soils by Flame and Flameless Atomic Absorption Spectrometry¹

ABSTRACT

Negative interfering effects on the carbon rod atomizer (CRA) absorbances of Mn, Fe, and Ni were found to occur in the presence of the chlorides of the major cations (Ca, Mg, Na) in the soil solution. These interferences were corrected either by precipitation of the chlorides with silver nitrate or by incorporating a relatively high level of sulfuric or nitric acid into the sample volume. Magnesium ion, irrespective of the associated anion, was found to lower the Cd signal on the CRA. High concentrations of MgSO₄ caused lowering of the Mn signal when using air-acetylene flame. This lowering effect of MgSO₄ was avoided upon using N₂O-acetylene flame. No interferences were noticed for Mn and Zn when using the constant temperature furnace developed at Montana State Univ.

¹ Research supported by the Environmental Protection Agency for the Senior Author and partial support was given by the National Science Foundation.

² Assistant Professor of Chemistry, Montana College of Mineral Science and Technology, Butte, MT 59701; Graduate Student; and Professors of Chemistry, Chemistry Department, Montana State Univ., Bozeman, MT 59717, respectively.

Received for publication May 12, 1978. Accepted for publication August 9, 1978.