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Mineralization and Plant Availability of Phosphorus from Biomass of Hyaline and Melanic Fungi¹

ABSTRACT

This study was conducted to evaluate the mineralization and phosphorus availability to plants from fungal biomass and to determine differences between hyaline and melanic fungi in this respect. In a period of 5 weeks, wheat plants took up 6 to 16% of applied ³²P in the form of fungal mycelia from soil. The availability of P from this biomass was lowest with highly melanized fungi Curvularia lunata and Stachybotrys chartarum (6 to 11%) and highest in the case of hyaline fungi Paecilomyces fusisporus and Penicillium chrysogenum (12 to 16%). This compared to >20% uptake of applied inorganic phospate. Carbon mineralization of fungal biomass during a 5-week-incubation period decreased with increase in melanization. Phosphorus availability to plants followed C mineralization but the correlation was not highly significant. Sixty to 70% of the P from fungal biomass was extractable with sodium bicarbonate predominantly in an organic form. Plant availability of this extractable organic P was lower in the case of melanized fungi than in hyaline.

¹ Contribution from Institut für Pflanzenernährung und Bodenkunde der Bundesforschungsanstalt für Landwirtschaft Braunschweig-Völkenrode, D-3300 Braunschweig, Bundesallee 50, Federal Republic of Germany.

² Visiting Scientist on leave from Dep. of Microbiology, Haryana Agricultural Univ., Hissar-125004, India; and Biochemist, Institut für Pflanzenernährung und Bodenkunde, D-3300 Braunschweig, respectively.

Received for publication February 23, 1981. Accepted for publication April 14, 1982.

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