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Prediction of Phosphorus and Potassium Uptake by Soybeans with a Mechanistic Mathematical Model¹

ABSTRACT

Mechanistic mathematical models have been used to predict P and K uptake by corn (Zea mays L.) but not soybeans (Glycine max L. Merr). A model developed by Cushman to account for root competition has not been tested. The objective of this research was to evaluate the Cushman mathematical model for predicting P and K uptake by soybeans. Three soybean cultivars, ‘Century’, ‘Williams-79’, and ‘Elf’, were grown on two soils in a controlled climate chamber and harvested at intervals from 12 to 28 d. The soils were Raub, an Aquic Argiudoll, and Chalmers, a Typic Haplaquoll, silt loams. The Cushman model was used to simulate P and K uptake from soil by soybeans. Predicted P uptake (y) agreed closely with observed P uptake (y = 1.08x –0.06, r= 0.96) for uptake by all cultivars on both soils. Predicted K uptake was overestimated on Raub soil (y = 1.53x – 0.84, r = 0.97) but was closer for the Chalmers soil (y = 0.95x – 0.43, r = 0.95). The Cushman model was as satisfactory for prediction of P as the Claassen-Barber model, but predicted K uptake more accurately because root-to-root competition for soil K is a factor in K supply to the root.

¹ Journal Paper no. 8992. Purdue Univ. Agric. Exp. Stn., West Lafayette, IN 47907. Contribution from the Dep. of Agron. This paper was supported in part by a grant under the Special Research Grants Program of the USDA.

² Postdoctoral Research Associate and Professor of Agronomy, Purdue Univ., respectively.

Received for publication April 16, 1982. Accepted for publication October 26, 1982.

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