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The Effect of Lime on the Availability of Residual Phosphorus and its Extractability by Dilute Acid¹

ABSTRACT

Liming recommendations for acid soils are often intended to give a soil pH of 6.5. However, liming highly weathered soils to pH levels near neutrality often results in low soil P availability. The objective of this study was to determine the long-term effects of liming an acid, P-deficient Placid sand (sandy, siliceous, hyperthermic Typic Humaquept) on the availability of residual fertilizer P to potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.). Dolomitic limestone was applied in November 1977, at rates of 0, 2,240, 4,480, and 8,960 kg/ha in a split-plot design with lime as main plots and P treatments as subplots. Phosphorus was applied at rates of 0, 56, 112, and 168 kg/ha in 1978. In 1979 and 1980, P plots were split with one-half fertilized with 56 kg P/ha and the other one-half not fertilized with P (residual). In 1978, maximum tuber yields and top dry weights occurred at the 2,240 kg/ha lime rate which resulted in a soil pH of 5.8. Plant P concentrations were unaffected by lime at any sampling date. In 1979, availability of residual soil P decreased with lime rates > 2,240 kg/ha but not enough to significantly affect yields. However, in 1980, overliming injury was observed for tuber yields at the higher lime rates which was the result of P deficiency. Application of P at planting eliminated the overliming injury with maximum yields occurring in the pH range of 6.0 to 6.5. The decrease in available P at soil pH levels above 5.5 was not accompanied by similar changes in Mehlich I-extractable P. It appears that liming to pH 6.5 in this study resulted in fertilizer reaction products that were more soluble in dilute acid but less plant available than those formed under more acid conditions. However, the Mehlich I extractant appeared to be a suitable extractant for P on this soil if pH was taken into account when interpreting soil-test P.

¹ Florida Agric. Exp. Stn. Journal Series no. 3585. This study was partially supported by a grant from the Tennessee Valley Authority.

² Associate Professor, Soil Science Dep., University of Florida, Gainesville, Fla., and Professor and Director, Agricultural Research Center, Hastings, Fla., respectively.

Received for publication January 22, 1982. Accepted for publication December 3, 1982.

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				D. Curtin and J.K. Syers Lime-Induced Changes in Indices of Soil Phosphate Availability Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., January 1, 2001; 65(1): 147 - 152. [Abstract] [Full Text]