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A Simplified Soil and Plant Phosphorus Model: II. Prediction of Labile, Organic, and Sorbed Phosphorus¹

ABSTRACT

Surface samples and soil chemical, physical and taxonomic data for 78 soils from the continental U.S. and Puerto Rico were obtained from the U.S. Soil Conservation Service National Soil Survey Lab. Phosphorus was extracted with the following: NH₄F + HCl (Bray 1 P), NaHCO₃ (Olsen P), HCl + H₂SO₄ (North Carolina P), and anion exchange resin (labile P). Organic P and an index of fertilizer P sorption were also measured. Soils were divided into three groups based on soil taxonomy and weathering. Regression analysis was used to obtain equations to predict labile P, organic P, and a P sorption index from soil chemical and physical properties. Labile P was related to extractable P; organic P to total N and pH; and P sorption to clay, CaCO₃, labile P, and base saturation. These parameters accounted for up to 84% of labile P variation, 64% of organic P variation, and up to 78% of P sorption variation. Although the equations are empirical, independent variables chosen in the stepwide regression were consistent with P mineralization and sorption relationships previously reported. These relationships were tested using independent data sets. They can be used to generate inputs for the soil P component of the Erosion-Productivity Impact Calculator crop management model from soil test P and data available in U.S. Soil Conservation Service/State Agricultural Experiment Station Soil Survey Investigation Reports.

¹ Contribution from Oklahoma State Univ., USDA-ARS, and Colorado State Univ. Published with the approval of the Director, Oklahoma Agric. Exp. Stn., Journal Ser. no. 4465.

² Soil Scientist, USDA-ARS and Oklahoma State Univ., Southern Plains Watershed and Water Quality Lab., P.O. Box 1430, Durant, OK 74702; Plant Physiologist, USDA-ARS, Grassland, Soil and Water Research Lab., P.O. Box 748, Temple, TX 76503; Soil Chemist, Texas Agric. Extension Service, Soil Testing Lab., College Station, TX 77843; Soil Scientist, USDA-ARS and Colorado State Univ., Natural Resource Ecology Lab., Ft. Collins, CO 80523, respectively.

Received for publication October 26, 1983. Accepted for publication February 17, 1984.

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