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Performance of Some Urease Inhibitors in Field Trials with Corn¹

ABSTRACT

In 1982, urea applied on the soil surface with phenylphosphorodiamidate (PPD) was compared with urea alone applied on the surface, urea injected, ammonium sulfate and calcium nitrate with respect to N uptake and yield of corn (Zea mays L.). In 1983, the urease inhibitors trichloroethylphosphorodiamidate (TPD), diethylphosphorotriamide (DPT) and sarsaponin (SSO) were compared in a similar way. In 1982, grain yield, total dry matter, total N uptake and fertilizer N uptake were all higher where PPD was used than with urea alone, but the differences fell short of statistical significance at the 0.05 level. In 1983, total dry matter, grain yield, and total N uptake were all higher in cultivated plots than in zero-tillage plots. None of the urease inhibitors improved N uptake over that from urea alone. The data show little advantage for inhibitors added to urea solutions applied in bands at the surface, but TPD and DPT applied as a coating on broadcast solid urea showed some promise. Soil analyses during the first few days after fertilizer application showed lower recoveries of applied N where wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) straw or corn residues were present than from bare soil, but clear evidence of the influence of urease inhibitors on soil urea levels was not found.

¹ Contribution from the Department of Land, Air & Water Resources, Univ. of California, Davis. This work was partly supported by Allied Corporation.

² Professor of Soil Microbiology and Staff Research Associates, respectively.

Received for publication May 7, 1984. Accepted for publication October 1, 1984.