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Published in Soil Sci Soc Am J 49:462-466 (1985)
© 1985 Soil Science Society of America
677 S. Segoe Rd., Madison, WI 53711 USA
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Occurrence of Interstratified Kaolinite-Smectite in El Salvador Vertisols1

B. P. K. Yerima, F. G. Calhoun, A. L. Senkayi and J. B. Dixon2

ABSTRACT

The mineralogy of six profiles from the Median Trough of El Salvador has been investigated. Most of these soils have vertic properties and are developed from Quaternary alluvium. The mineralogical evolution of these soils has been influenced by intermittent additions of a readily soluble source of silica and alumina in volcanic ash. Topographic position has influenced the internal drainage and degree of profile development in these soils. Smectite is the most abundant clay mineral in the dark gray, poorly drained soils which occur on <1% slopes. These pedons are characterized by high SiO2/Al2O3 ratios (>1.0). Kaolinite predominates in the well drained dark brown soils on 2 to 14% slopes. Interstratified kaolinite-smectite was only observed in moderately well drained profiles. The results obtained in this study further support the following weathering sequence: smectite -> interstratified kaolinite-smectite -> kaolinite + iron oxides, which has been suggested by previous investigators.

NOTES

1 Contribution from the Texas Agric. Exp. Stn., College Station, TX. This study was supported in part by the United States Agency for International Development (AID) under a contract, 1a-c-1084, to the Univ. of Florida and a grant, dan-1311, to Texas A&M Univ.

2 Graduate Student, Professor of Tropical Soils, Research Associate, and Professor of Soil Mineralogy, respectively. Dep. of Soil & Crop Sciences, Texas A&M Univ., College Station, 77843.

Received for publication May 30, 1984. Accepted for publication November 14, 1984.






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Copyright © 1985 by the Soil Science Society of America.