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Manganese Phosphate Equilibrium Relationships in Soils¹

ABSTRACT

Solubility diagrams were developed using log K° values for MnHPO₄·3H₂O, Mn₃(PO₄)₂·3H₂O, Mn₅H₂(PO₄)₄·4H₂O and MnPO₄·1.5H₂O. The latter mineral was found to be more stable than hydroxyapatite and thus capable of controlling soil-solution P at pH values <7.2 and pe + pH values between 13.5 and 17. Controlled redox cells were used to maintain suspensions of several soils at fixed redox levels above pe + pH = 13.5. After 28, 56, 84, and 140 d, samples were taken, and the clear filtrates were analyzed. The activities of Mn²⁺ and H₂PO^-₄ were calculated by speciating total Mn and P in solution. Ionic activity products were calculated and compared to the activity products of pure Mn phosphates. This study helps to explain the beneficial effects of phosphate in alleviating Mn toxicities and the importance of Mn phosphates as reaction products of Mn and P fertilizers in soils.

¹ Contribution from the Colorado Agricultural Experiment Station and published as Scientific Series Paper no. 2943. Supported in part by the Div. of Agricultural Development, Agricultural Research Branch, TVA, Muscle Shoals, AL, and under agreement no. Colorado 1131–118.

² Former Graduate Research Assistant and Professor, respectively, Dep. of Agronomy, Colorado State Univ., Ft. Collins, CO 80523. Senior author is currently Director, CATI Field Res. Lab., California State Univ.-Fresno.

Received for publication June 29, 1984.

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