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Chemical Kinetics from a Thin Disc Flow System: Theory¹

ABSTRACT

Chemical kinetics information is difficult to obtain. Interpretation of data sets are subject to ambiguity both in regard to existing theory as well as in regard to the intrinsic chemical and physical processes. Clarification of these problems would aid in the understanding of time-dependent reactions such as K release from soil. This study was undertaken to analyze a miscible displacement technique for obtaining chemical kinetics data. Theory is developed within the context of multiple working hypotheses where it is necessary to for-mulate alternative empirical rate laws. Each rate law represents an alternative hypothesis, the consequences of which are deduced for a flow system. The appropriate differential equations are presented, and where possible, solved analytically. Solutions are presented for zero-order, first-order, and fractional-order reaction terms. The investigation of complete kinetic formulations suggests that graphs of logarithm of concentration vs. time must be interpreted with care. Multiple line segments in a semilog graph may raise suspicions that multiple reaction mechanisms, multiple transport mechanisms, or backwards reactions may be significant. However, multiple line segments by themselves are not sufficient evidence to prove any of the possibilities.

¹ Published as Paper no. 7992, Journal Series, Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station.

² Assistant Professors of Agronomy, Univ. of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68583.

Received for publication April 24, 1985.