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Soils of the Mall in Washington, DC: II. Genesis, Classification, and Mapping¹

ABSTRACT

The soils on the Mall in Washington, DC have formed in about 6 m of miscellaneous fill deposited in repeated applications to the site during filling operations. Some limited pedogenesis has occurred; cambic, or cambic-like B horizons were recognized in 26% of the profiles examined. Buried A horizons were found in 42% of the profiles. Classification of these soils using Soil Taxonomy alone was not satisfactory, as variations in organic matter with depth caused many of the soils to be placed in Fluv-classes that connoted deposition of the parent material as alluvium and did not show unique accessory characteristics such as high bulk density. Proposed Urbic and Spolic subgroups of Udorthents and Ochrepts, with criteria to exclude them from Fluv-classes, were utilized to classify these soils in a manner more consistent with their genesis and characteristics. A detailed soil map was prepared for the Mall using the proposed classification, and recommendations are made for mapping such highly manipulated areas.

¹ Contribution no. 7148 and Scientific Paper no. A-4163 of Maryland Agricultural Experiment Station, Dep. of Agronomy and of the National Park Service, National Capital Region. This paper represents a portion of the M.S. thesis of the senior author.

² Soil Scientist, National Park Service, National Capital Region, 1100 Ohio Dr., S.W., Washington, DC 20242 (also Graduate Student, Univ. of Maryland), Professor, Univ. of Maryland, College Park; Head, Dep. of Plant and Soil Science, Univ. of Tennessee, Knoxville; and Research Agronomist, National Park Service, respectively.

Received for publication April 25, 1985.

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