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Surface Charge Characterization and Soil Solution Composition of Four Soils from the Southern Piedmont in Georgia¹

ABSTRACT

Four soils (Cecil, Typic Hapludult; Davidson, Rhodic Paleudult; Dyke, Typic Rhodudult; and Townley, Typic Hapludult) from the Southern Piedmont in Georgia, which have received large applications of gypsum, as well as soils from control plots, have been characterized with respect to their surface charge properties. The soils have variable charge character to varying degrees, but added gypsum has not affected fundamental surface charge properties such as cation and anion exchange capacities. The addition of Ca via gypsum has, however, altered the proportion of exchangeable basic and acidic cations. Analysis of extracted soil solution showed that Ca from gypsum can move rapidly through the profile, causing Mg to be displaced from exchange sites and therefore to be susceptible to leaching. A distinction is made between total cation exchange capacity and basic cation exchange capacity, and their significance with respect to exchangeable cations present is discussed.

¹ Contribution from the Dep. of Agronomy, Univ. of Georgia, Athens, GA, and the Div. of Soils, CSIRO, Townsville, Australia. Research supported by Florida Inst. of Phosphate Research, CSIRO, and Georgia Agric. Exp. Stn.

² Principal Research Scientist, Div. of Soils, CSIRO, Private Mail Bag, Aitkenvale, Townsville, Old. 4814, Australia; and Professor, Dep. of Agronomy, Univ. Of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602.

Received for publication September 12, 1986.

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