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Soybean Response to Available Potassium in Three Silt Loam Soils¹

ABSTRACT

The range in soil environments has likely contributed to variation in the determination of that level of K availability at which no further yield increase to K is expected. Potassium response of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] from three different soil environments was studied in the field to determine if a single index of K availability could be found. Relationships between grain yield, R1-R2 leaf K concentration, ammonium acetate exchangeable K, Ca, Mg, and water soluble K, Ca, and Mg were determined. Significant (P 0.05) yield responses to added K were found at all three sites, as were increases in R1-R2 leaf K. Water soluble K, K/Mg, and K/(Ca + Mg)^1/2 were more stongly related to plant response than extractable K, K/Mg, or K/(K + Ca + Mg). All soils provided optimal K nutrition to soybeans at soil test levels 100 mg K kg^–1 soil, as determined by neutral, molar ammonium acetate solution. Determinations of soil solution phase composition may improve our understanding of the role(s) of soil properties on divergent patterns of response to K nutrition.

¹ Contribution from the Dep. of Agron., Univ. of Kentucky Agric. Exp. Stn., Lexington, KY 40546-0091. Presented in part before Div. S-4, Soil Sci. Soc. Am., Aug., 1983, Washington, DC. The investigation reported in this paper (no. 86-3-188), supported in part by the Foundation for Agronomic Research of the Potash and Phosphate Institute and the Kentucky Soybean Fund Utilization Committee, is in connection with a project of the Kentucky Agric. Exp. Stn., and is published with the approval of the Director.

² Assistant Professor, Associate Extension Professor, Extension Professor, and Associate Extension Professor, respectively, Dep. of Agron., Univ. of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546-0091.

Received for publication August 1, 1986.