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CSIRO Division of Environmental Mechanics, GPO Box 821, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia
ABSTRACT
Disc permeameters are designed to measure hydraulic properties of field soils containing macropores and preferential flow paths and are particularly useful in soil management studies. We present here designs for disc permeameters for both positive and negative water supply heads. The effects of the water supply membrane and soil contact material on permeameter performance are examined using approximate quasi-analytic solutions to the flow equation. This analysis provides approximate criteria for the selection of membrane and soil contact materials. Limitations to performance caused by restricted air entry are considered and design criteria are given also. We present in situ tests of the disc permeameter for the early stages of one-dimensional infiltration and an example of the deterministic variation of sorptivity of a field soil with supply potential. Finally, we use ponded and unsaturated sorptivities measured in situ with disc permeameters to find the saturated hydraulic conductivity and flow-weighted mean characteristic pore dimension of a field soil.
1 Comment from the Editor-in-Chief—The first disc permeameter was built in 1982 by Mr. K. M. Perroux by modification of the sorptivity tube design reported by Clothier and White (1981). Since then, the instrument has been generously made available to other scientists and some publications have preceded the present paper reporting the design and performance of disc permeameters by the instrument developers. The authors of two papers published in the SSSA Journal reporting the use of the disc permeameter (Watson and Luxmoore, 1986; Wilson and Luxmoore, 1988), request that Perroux and White receive full credit in any research with their instrument design by citation of their paper published here.
Contribution from CSIRO, Australia.
Received for publication November 30, 1987.
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