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Decomposition of Carbon-14 Labeled Ryegrass and Maize under Tropical Conditions

International Inst. of Tropical Agriculture, Oyo Road, PMB 5320, Ibadan, Nigeria

D. S. Jenkinson^*

AFRC Institute for Arable Crops Research, Rothamsted Exp. Stn., Harpenden, Herts AL5 2JQ, England

* Corresponding author.

ABSTRACT

This work is an extension of earlier studies on the rate of decay of plant material in the forest zone of Nigeria. Maize (Zea mays L.) leaves, uniformly labeled with ¹⁴C, were allowed to decompose for 2 yr under field conditions in an Alfisol (pH 7.0) or an Ultisol (pH 4.7). After two years, 15% of the original plant C still remained in the Alfisol. Decomposition was slower in the Ultisol, particularly during the first 26 wk. Maize leaves incorporated in soil at the beginning of the dry season initially decomposed more slowly than leaves incorporated during the wet season, but by the end of 2 yr the difference was small. Earlier experiments in Nigeria with labeled ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) tops were continued: after 5 yr, 8% of the original ryegrass C remained in an Alfisol. After adjustment for differences in climate and soil texture, the current Rothamsted model for turnover of organic C in soil gave a close fit to the Nigerian data.

(Present address: Del Monte Corporation, P.O. Box 9004, Walnut Creek CA 94598)

Received for publication January 18, 1989.