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The Growth of White Lupine on a Calciaquoll

Soil Science Dep., North Dakota State Univ., Fargo, ND 58105

*Corresponding author.

ABSTRACT

White lupine (Lupinus albus L.), an annual legume used for grain production in temperate climates, forms proteoid root (clusters of determinate rootlets on sections of lateral roots), accumulates Mn, and grows poorly on calcareous soils. This study was conducted to determine, under greenhouse conditions, the influence of P (0 vs. 120 mg NaH₂PO₄-P kg^–1), Fe (0 vs. 2 mg FeEDDHA-Fe kg^–1), and N source (inoculation with Bradyrhizobium lupini vs. 80 mg NH₄NO₃-N kg^–1) on growth of ‘Kiev’ white lupine on a Wheatville loam (coarse-silty over clayey, frigid, Aeric Calciaquoll) low in available P, Fe, and N. Yield of white lupine shoots was increased by Fe and P fertilizers but was unaffected by N source. Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) gave a three-fold increase to N fertilizer under similar conditions. Inoculated white lupine plants were nodulated but uninoculated ones were not. Number and weight of nodules were stimulated more than twofold by application of Fe and P fertilizers. Plants without added Fe displayed leaf chlorosis that was increased by P and N fertilizers and decreased by added Fe and advancing plant age. The incidence of proteoid roots encased in hard-to-remove soil was depressed more than two-thirds by P fertilizer, but was stimulated by inoculation. Concentration of Mn in white lupine shoots was depressed by P fertilizer, stimulated by inoculation, and little affected by added Fe. Iron deficiency detrimentally affected the growth of white lupine on the Wheatville soil, and its severity was intensified by N and P fertilization.

Received for publication July 13, 1990.