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Soil Adsorption Interactions of Band-Injected Anhydrous Ammonia and Potassium Chloride Fertilizers

Dep. of Agronomy, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Wooster, OH 44691

J. W. Johnson

Dep. of Agronomy, 2021 Coffey Rd., Ohio State Univ., Columbus, OH 43210

*Corresponding author.

ABSTRACT

Fertilizer-use efficiency of NH⁺₄ and K⁺ can be low in soils that adsorb these ions in a nonexchangeable form. In a laboratory study, the soil adsorption interactions resulting from simultaneous proximal injection of anhydrous NH₃ (AA) and KCl solution were investigated to determine if such interactions might have an effect on the availability of these nutrients. The fertilizers were injected separately and simultaneously into two soils, a Hoytville silty clay loam (fine, illitic, mesic Mollic Ochraqualf) and an Avonburg silt loam (fine-silty, mixed, mesic Aeric Fragiaqualf). Following incubation for periods of 1, 7, 14, 28, and 84 d at 20 °C, soil in the injected-fertilizer bands was sampled from four concentric zones of radii 0 to 2.0, 2.0 to 3.0, 3.0 to 4.5, and 4.5 to 6.0 cm around the injection point. In the Avonburg soil, very little interaction between the two fertilizer materials was observed. In the Hoytville soil, simultaneous injection of AA and KCl had little effect on NH⁺₄ distribution, compared with AA injected alone. Relative to KCl injected alone, simultaneous injection of AA and KCl in the Hoytville soil increased exchangeable K⁺ and decreased fixed K⁺ within 3.0 cm of the injection point. The effect on fixed K⁺ persisted throughout 84 d of incubation, while the effect of exchangeable K⁺ was not apparent beyond 28 d of incubation. Decreased K⁺ fixation was attributed to preferential NH⁺₄ fixation blocking K⁺ fixation. Increased exchangeable K⁺ was attributed to pH-induced increases in cation-exchange capacity (primarily in the organic fraction), and to decreased K⁺ fixation.

Partial support provided by a grant from the Fluid Fertilizer Foundation. Salaries and research support provided by state and federal funds appropriated to the Ohio Agricultural and Development Center, the Ohio State Univ. Manuscript no. 5-91.

Received for publication January 21, 1991.

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