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Water Infiltration into Soil in Response to Ponded-Water Head

Dep. of Agronomy, Univ. of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68583

W. L. Hogarth

Division of Australian Environmental Studies, Griffith Univ., Nathan, Queensland, 4111, Australia

*Corresponding author.

ABSTRACT

The pressure head of water ponded on the soil surface can increase the infiltration of water into soil, but the effect has often been complicated to describe mathematically. This study was conducted to devise a simpler mathematical description without undue sacrifice of accuracy. A new three-parameter infiltration equation was examined for its capability in describing the effect of soil-surface-ponded water head, h, on the cumulative quantity of water infiltrated into the soil with time. The infiltration equation, as reduced to two-parameter dimensionless from, was fitted by nonlinear least squares to dimensionless data generated from mathematical descriptions of infiltration that included the effect of h in somewhat complicated parametric form. The fitted two-parameter equation gave an excellent description of all the generated data, in terms of both goodness of fit and in recovery of the dimensionless ponded head p used as an input into the generated data. From an overall perspective, recovery of h was achieved within a relative error of ±1.4% across the complete range of the generated data, thus validating the new and relatively simple equation in its description of the general effect of ponded head on the cumulative infiltration process.

Contribution from Division of Australian Environmental Studies, Griffith Univ.

Received for publication October 15, 1990.