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Cation-Exchange Kinetics on Montmorillonite Using Pressure-Jump Relaxation

Dept. of Plant and Soil Sciences, Univ. of Delaware, Newark, DE 19717-1303

*Corresponding author.

ABSTRACT

Batch and flow methods are usually not suitable for measuring kinetics of ion-exchange reactions on soils and soil constituents. These reactions are usually very fast. Thus, a rapid kinetic method must be employed. A pressure-jump relaxation technique was used in this study to investigate the kinetics of Ca-Na and Ca-K exchange on montmorillonite. Single relaxations were observed in both systems. Forward (k_l) and backward (k_-1) rate constants for the cation-exchange reactions were determined and were greater for Ca-Na exchange (k₁ = 953 L² mol^–2 s^–1, k_-1 = 643 L² mol^–2 s^–1) than those for Ca-K exchange (k₁ = 385 L² mol^–2 s^–1, k₁ = 432 L² mol^–2 s^–1). The values of the exchange equilibrium constant obtained kinetically were in good agreement with those obtained statically. The exchange isotherms from the static studies showed a preference of K over Ca on montmorillonite, but no preference was observed in the Ca-Na exchange system.

Received for publication February 3, 1992.

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