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Straw Application Effects on Methane and Oxygen Exchange and Growth in Rice

IRRI, P.O. Box 933, 1099 Manila, Philippines

R. D. DeLaune

Wetland Biogeochemistry Inst., Center for Coastal, Energy and Environmental Resources, Louisiana State Univ., Baton Rouge, LA 70803-7511

*Corresponding author (hkludze{at}irri.cgnet.com).

ABSTRACT

Currently, there is a paucity of information on plant-soil interactive effects and plant-related factors that control CH₄ production and its emission from rice (Oryza sativa L.) paddies. Laboratory studies were conducted to evaluate the effects of rice straw application rates on growth, root porosity (POR), and gas (O₂ and CH₄) exchange in rice under continuously flooded conditions. Three rice cultivars were grown in Crowley silt loam (fine, montmorillonitic, thermic Typic Albaqualf) amended with two levels (11 and 22 t ha^–1) of rice straw. Plants were harvested for growth, POR, and radial oxygen loss (ROL) estimates at 40 d after transplanting. Methane measurements were made at 20, 30, and 40 d after transplanting. Plant growth and straw application rates were negatively correlated. Variations existed among cultivars in parameters studied. Although POR was enhanced by the higher application rate (22 t ha^–1), reductions in shoot and root growth consequently resulted in reduced ROL. Two of the cultivars exhibited significant POR-ROL correlations. Highest CH₄ emissions occurred at the 11 t ha^–1 application rate. At the 22 t ha^–1 application rate, CH₄ emissions were significantly reduced in all vegetated treatments, although emissions from unvegetated treatments were enhanced. Results indicated that reductions in CH₄ emissions at the higher straw application rate resulted from reduction in the total diffusive pathway of the gas and were not due to the mitigation of methanogenesis.

This study was conducted at Louisiana State Univ., Baton Rouge, LA.

Received for publication May 9, 1994.

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