HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS		QUICK SEARCH:   [advanced] Author: Keyword(s): Year:  Vol:  Page:

This Article Full Text (PDF) Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Services Similar articles in this journal Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Jokela, W. E. Articles by Randall, G. W. Search for Related Content PubMed Articles by Jokela, W. E. Articles by Randall, G. W. Agricola Articles by Jokela, W. E. Articles by Randall, G. W.

Fate of Fertilizer Nitrogen as Affected by Time and Rate of Application on Corn

Plant and Soil Sci. Dep., Univ. of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405

Gyles W. Randall

Southern Exp. Stn., Univ. of Minnesota, Waseca, MN

* Corresponding author ( bill.jokela{at}uvm.edu).

ABSTRACT

Management of fertilizer N on corn (Zea mays L.) can greatly affect the efficiency of N use and the potential for adverse environmental effects. Field studies were conducted on two nonirrigated southern Minnesota soils — a Webster clay loam (fine-loamy, mixed, mesic Typic Haplaquoll) and a Mt. Carroll silt loam (fine-silty, mixed, mesic Mollic Hapludalf) — to determine the effect of time and rate of N application on recovery of fertilizer-derived N (FDN) in corn grain and stover and in the soil. Nitrogen rates of 75 and 150 kg ha^-1 on the Mt. Carroll soil and 100 and 200 kg ha^-1 on the Webster were applied at planting or at the eight-leaf stage as (NH₄)₂SO₄ to the same plots from 1982 to 1984. Enriched ¹⁵N was applied to separate microplots each of the first 2 yr to allow measurement of FDN. Grain yield responded to applied N in 5 of 6 site-yr, but not to time of application. Uptake of FDN in grain was increased by higher N rate in all cases, but by delayed application in only one site-year. Total plant FDN recovery ranged from 31 to 60% at the low N rate and from 24 to 45% at the high rate. Both yields and FDN recovery were affected by unusually dry midseason conditions. Fertilizer-derived N recovery from the soil after harvest ranged from 25 to 56%, with a large proportion at the high N rate in inorganic forms, especially with the late application, which increased the potential for leaching losses. Residual uptake of FDN by grain ranged from 1 to 10% of the initial N rate. The difference method for estimating FDN recovery gave different results from the ¹⁵N method, emphasizing the importance of examining both labeled and nonlabeled N pools for complete inter-pretation of ¹⁵N studies.

Paper no. 22269 of the Minnesota Agric. Exp. Stn. Scientific Journal Series.

Received for publication January 26, 1996.

This article has been cited by other articles:

				S. A. Khan, R. L. Mulvaney, T. R. Ellsworth, and C. W. Boast The Myth of Nitrogen Fertilization for Soil Carbon Sequestration J. Environ. Qual., October 24, 2007; 36(6): 1821 - 1832. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				N. Hong, P. C. Scharf, J. G. Davis, N. R. Kitchen, and K. A. Sudduth Economically Optimal Nitrogen Rate Reduces Soil Residual Nitrate J. Environ. Qual., January 25, 2007; 36(2): 354 - 362. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J.-H. Seo, J. J. Meisinger, and H.-J. Lee Recovery of Nitrogen-15-Labeled Hairy Vetch and Fertilizer Applied to Corn Agron. J., February 7, 2006; 98(2): 245 - 254. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				W. B. Stevens, R. G. Hoeft, and R. L. Mulvaney Fate of Nitrogen-15 in a Long-Term Nitrogen Rate Study: II. Nitrogen Uptake Efficiency Agron. J., June 17, 2005; 97(4): 1046 - 1053. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				H. R. S. Rozas, H. E. Echeverria, and P. A. Barbieri Nitrogen Balance as Affected by Application Time and Nitrogen Fertilizer Rate in Irrigated No-Tillage Maize Agron. J., November 1, 2004; 96(6): 1622 - 1631. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. Nyamangara, L. F. Bergstrom, M. I. Piha, and K. E. Giller Fertilizer Use Efficiency and Nitrate Leaching in a Tropical Sandy Soil J. Environ. Qual., March 1, 2003; 32(2): 599 - 606. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				P. C. Scharf, W. J. Wiebold, and J. A. Lory Corn Yield Response to Nitrogen Fertilizer Timing and Deficiency Level Agron. J., May 1, 2002; 94(3): 435 - 441. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				L. F. Bergstrom and W. E. Jokela Ryegrass Cover Crop Effects on Nitrate Leaching in Spring Barley Fertilized with 15NH415NO3 J. Environ. Qual., September 1, 2001; 30(5): 1659 - 1667. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				H. S. Rozas, H. E. Echeverría, G. A. Studdert, and G. Domínguez Evaluation of the Presidedress Soil Nitrogen Test for No-Tillage Maize Fertilized at Planting Agron. J., November 1, 2000; 92(6): 1176 - 1183. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				H. S. Rozas, H. E. Echeverría, G. A. Studdert, and F. H. Andrade No-Till Maize Nitrogen Uptake and Yield: Effect of Urease Inhibitor and Application Time Agron. J., November 1, 1999; 91(6): 950 - 955. [Abstract] [Full Text]