| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
|
|
|
|||||||
|
|||||||||
Dep. of Chemistry, Queen Mary & Westfield College, London E1 4NS, UK
Soil Science Dep., IACR-Rothamsted, Harpenden, Herts AL5 2JQ, UK
*Corresponding author (n.mahieu{at}qmw.ac.uk).
ABSTRACT
We have collected solid-state 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) data from the published literature (76 papers) and from our own results on 311 whole soils, physical fractions (25 clay-, 43 silt-, and 52 sand-size fractions) and chemical extracts (208 humic and 66 fulvic acids). Our purpose was to see whether a comprehensive analysis of data on >300 soils that ranged in organic C content from 0.42 to 53.9% would show any universal influence of management practice on the chemical composition of soil organic matter (SOM). The relative abundance of functional groups was calculated for the following chemical shift regions: 0–50 ppm (alkyls), 50–110 ppm (O-alkyls), 110–160 ppm (aromatics), and 160–200 ppm (carbonyls). There was a remarkable similarity between all soils with respect to the distribution of different forms of C despite the wide range of land use (arable,grassland, uncultivated, forest), climate (from tropical rainforest to tundra), cropping practice, fertilizer or manure application, and the different spectrometer characteristics and experimental conditions used. Functional groups in whole soils were always in the same abundance order despite the generally wide proportion range: O-alkyls (a mean of 45% of the spectrum, increasing with soil C content), followed by alkyls (mean 25%), aromatics (mean 20%), and finally carbonyls (mean 10%, decreasing with soil C content). Humic and fulvic acids contained much smaller proportions of O-alkyls than whole soils (means of 26%). Clay-size fractions were the most different from whole soils, being more aliphatic (+8%). Sand-size fractions generally gave very similar results to whole soils.
Received for publication August 10, 1998.
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  I. K. Thomsen, T. Kruse, S. Bruun, S. M. Kristiansen, H. Knicker, S. O. Petersen, L. S. Jensen, M. K. Holst, and B. T. Christensen Characteristics of Soil Carbon Buried for 3300 Years in a Bronze Age Burial Mound Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., September 1, 2008; 72(5): 1292 - 1298. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
G. K. Ganjegunte, G. F. Vance, C. M. Preston, G. E. Schuman, L. J. Ingram, P. D. Stahl, and J. M. Welker Soil Organic Carbon Composition in a Northern Mixed-Grass Prairie: Effects of Grazing Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., September 29, 2005; 69(6): 1746 - 1756. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. Solomon, J. Lehmann, J. Kinyangi, B. Liang, and T. Schafer Carbon K-Edge NEXAFS and FTIR-ATR Spectroscopic Investigation of Organic Carbon Speciation in Soils Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., January 1, 2005; 69(1): 107 - 119. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. R. Chen, Z. H. Xu, and N. J. Mathers Soil Carbon Pools in Adjacent Natural and Plantation Forests of Subtropical Australia Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., January 1, 2004; 68(1): 282 - 291. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. J. Smernik, I. W. Oliver, and G. Merrington Characterization of Sewage Sludge Organic Matter Using Solid-State Carbon-13 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy J. Environ. Qual., July 1, 2003; 32(4): 1516 - 1522. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. Solomon, F. Fritzsche, M. Tekalign, J. Lehmann, and W. Zech Soil Organic Matter Composition in the Subhumid Ethiopian Highlands as Influenced by Deforestation and Agricultural Management Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., January 1, 2002; 66(1): 68 - 82. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. H. Gerzabek, G. Haberhauer, and H. Kirchmann Soil Organic Matter Pools and Carbon-13 Natural Abundances in Particle-Size Fractions of a Long-Term Agricultural Field Experiment Receiving Organic Amendments Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., March 1, 2001; 65(2): 352 - 358. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J-D. Mao, W-G. Hu, K. Schmidt-Rohr, G. Davies, E.A. Ghabbour, and B. Xing Quantitative Characterization of Humic Substances by Solid-State Carbon-13 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., May 1, 2000; 64(3): 873 - 884. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
| The SCI Journals | Agronomy Journal | Crop Science | |||
| Journal of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Education |
Vadose Zone Journal | ||||
| Journal of Plant Registrations | Journal of Environmental Quality |
The Plant Genome | |||
