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Soil Science Society of America Journal 66:445-455 (2002)
© 2002 Soil Science Society of America


DIVISION S-2—SOIL CHEMISTRY

Ammonium–Potassium–Calcium Exchange on Vermiculite and Hydroxy-aluminum Vermiculite

V. P. Evangelou* and J. Lumbanraja

Iowa State University, Dep. of Agronomy, Crop, Soil, and Environmental Science, Ames, IA 50011-1010

* Corresponding author (vevangel{at}iastate.edu)

Binary and ternary cation-exchange reactions involving NH+4, K+, and Ca2+ on vermiculite and hydroxy-Al interlayered vermiculite (HIV) were investigated. In the case of vermiculite, NH4-Ca exchange was nearly indistinguishable from the nonpreference isotherm while HIV exhibited preference for NH+4. The presence of K+ had significant suppressing impact on the apparent NH+4 selectivity in NH4-Ca exchange in HIV most likely because of retardation of Ca2+ diffusion in the interlayer. For vermiculite, the presence of K+ in the NH4-Ca system induced apparent high affinity sites for NH+4 most likely because of interlayer collapse. The overall study demonstrated that cation-exchange selectivity coefficients in vermiculite and HIV are dependent on number and type of cations present.

Abbreviations: HIV, hydroxy-Al interlayered vermiculite • HAP, hydroxy-Al polymer • {sum}Exi, sum of exchangeable cations • CEC, cation-exchange capacity • ARNH4, ammonium activity ratio • CRNH4, ammonium concentration ratio • ARK, K activity ratio • CRK, K concentration ratio • ECa, equivalent fraction of Ca on the exchange phase • ENH4, equivalent fraction of ammonium on the exchange phase • EK, equivalent fraction of K on the exchange phase • d-H2O, distilled water






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Copyright © 2002 by the Soil Science Society of America.