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Nutrient Management & Soil & Plant Analysis

The Influence of Manure Phytic Acid on Phosphorus Solubility in Calcareous Soils

^a USDA-ARS, 3793N 3600E, Kimberly, ID 83341-5076
^b USDA-ARS, National Soil Erosion Research Laboratory, West Lafayette, IN
^c Purdue University, Dep. of Animal Science, West Lafayette, IN
^d University of Saskatchewan, Dep. of Animal and Poultry Science, Saskatoon, SK, Canada

^* Corresponding author (leytem{at}nwisrl.ars.usda.gov)

Manure characteristics can influence the potential for P transfer in runoff following land application of manures. This research assessed the influence of manure characteristics on P solubility in calcareous soils using manures from poultry (Gallus Domisticus) fed a variety of grain-based diets with the manures containing a range of total P (5.6–16.4 g P kg^–1), water-extractable P (WEP, 0.9–4.7 g P kg^–1), phytic acid P (0.1–7.6), total N/P ratios (2.6–5.1), and total C/P ratios (19.5–75.7). In addition, mono-ammonium phosphate fertilizer and reagent grade inositol hexaphosphate (phytic acid [PA]), were included, as well as a control treatment with no P additions. Treatments were incorporated into two soils (Portneuf [Coarse-silty, mixed, superactive, mesic Durinodic Xeric Haplocalcids] and Millville [Coarse-silty, carbonatic, mesic Typic Haploxerolls]) at three rates (10, 20, and 40 mg P kg^–1) and incubated for a total of 18 wk with subsamples taken at 2, 5, 9, and 18 wk. Soil samples were analyzed for inorganic and organic NaHCO₃ (Olsen) extractable P and select soils were analyzed at 0 and 12 wk by ³¹P nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) for soil P characterization. The percentage of WEP and PA (of total P) in the manures were linearly related (r² = 0.94). Increases in Olsen P over time were positively related to the percentage of monoester P in the treatments. At 2 wk, there was a strong negative correlation between the amount of PA added in the treatments and increases in Olsen P. However, by 18 wk, Olsen P was more closely related to the amount of C or N added with the treatments. Changes in PA content of manures due to dietary modification may influence P sorption on calcareous soils in the short-term while other characteristics such as C/P ratio may exert a stronger influence over changes in soil test P over longer time periods.

Abbreviations: CCE, calcium carbonate equivalent • ICP-OES, inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy • NMR, nuclear magnetic resonance • NPP, non-phytate P • NTA, 0.1 M sodium nitrilotriacetate • OC, organic carbon • PA, phytic acid • WEP, water-extractable P

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