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Preferential Water Flow Through Corn Canopy and Soil Water Dynamics Across Rows

^a USDA-ARS, Environmental Chemistry Lab., Beltsville, MD 20705-2350 USA
^b Paltin Int. Inc., 6309 Sandy St., Laurel, MD 20707 USA

View larger version (39K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1 Schematic layout of the experimental site, showing instrumented plots of no-tillage (NT) and plow-tillage (PT) corn, with positions of multisensor capacitance probes (M,F), datalogging station (DL), weather station (WS), evapotranspiration gauge (ET), second tipping-bucket rain gage (R), rainfall jars (RJ), five bagged plants (os), and seven jars (oc)

View larger version (155K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2 Photo showing collection of stemflow in bagged plants and throughfall in jars. Arrows point to water level in two bags

View larger version (27K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3 Summer rainfall distributions at Beltsville, MD, from 1949–1997 and for 1994–1997

View larger version (25K): [in a new window]   Fig. 4 Relationship between stemflow (SF) and throughfall (TF) to rainfall (R) and irrigation (I). Receiving area for SF was 150 cm2 (7.5 x 20 cm) and 309 cm2 for TF (7 x 7.5-cm jars)

View larger version (19K): [in a new window]   Fig. 5 Ratios of stemflow (SF) to throughfall (TF) per unit-area, and across inrow and interrow areas

View larger version (36K): [in a new window]   Fig. 6 Ratios of average throughfall (TF) to rainfall (R) or irrigation (I), during closed corn canopy, and from senescence to harvest in 1994 and 1995. Error bars represent 95% probability

View larger version (38K): [in a new window]   Fig. 7 Rainfall intensity for two events, and cumulative soil water storage (5–35 cm) by row position under plow-tillage and no-tillage corn

View larger version (43K): [in a new window]   Fig. 8 Rainfall intensity for one event, and associated cumulative water infiltration (5–35 cm) by row position under plow-tillage and no-tillage corn

View larger version (36K): [in a new window]   Fig. 9 Soil water dynamics at four sensor depths, at each in-row (R3, R4) and interrow position (R2.5, R3.5, R4.5), following onset of a 43.7-mm rainfall event