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Minirhizotron installation in sandy, rocky soils with minimal soil disturbance

^a U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Health & Environmental Effects Research Lab., 200 SW 35th St., Corvallis, OR 97333 USA
^b Dep. of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Univ. of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557 USA
^c Newsom Industries, Newcastle, CA 95658 USA

View larger version (206K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1 Drill rig mounted on platform suspended from center-pivot catwalk, which is approximately 2 m from the ground

View larger version (172K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2 Pneumatic rock-drill mounted on a pneumatic screw-drive guide system. The screw, which is seen behind the rock-drill, may be turned pneumatically in either direction, driving the rock-drill downward as drilling or pipe-driving proceeds, or upward to back the rock-drill off. The pipe driver is attached to the rock-drill in this photo, and is being used to drive the drill casing into the ground

View larger version (165K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3 The drill casing has been driven > 1 m into the ground with the pipe driver. The drill shaft with its attached drill bit is extending down into the casing to drill just beyond the end of the casing. Soil and rock debris lofted by compressed air blown through the drill shaft and bit are removed by a vacuum hose which attaches to the side vent seen on the top of the drill casing. The screw-drive can be seen behind the drill shaft and between the two rails. Note the rocky "desert pavement" on the soil surface

View larger version (214K): [in a new window]   Fig. 4 PVC minirhizotron tube caps. These caps are insulated with pipe insulation and painted to protect the PVC from UV damage and for light-tightness. Note the minimal surface disturbance where the tubes were installed and the rockiness of the substrate

View larger version (219K): [in a new window]   Fig. 5 Video image in December, 1997, 3 to 5 mo after tube installation, showing a high degree of root ingrowth into the area around the tube

View larger version (213K): [in a new window]   Fig. 6 Minirhizotron tube excavated 1 yr after installation. Note the generally good soil contact, the rockiness of the soil, and the ingrowth of roots around the tube. A white PVC pipe with numbered camera image positions has been inserted in the tube in this photo