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On-Farm Evaluation of Ridging and Residue Management Practices to Reduce Wind Erosion in Niger

^a Faculté des Sciences Agronomiques, Université Catholique de Louvain, Place Croix du Sud 2/2, B-1348, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
^b Institute for Plant Production and Agro-Ecology in the Tropics and Subtropics, Univ. of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
^c IRD, LISA-Université Paris 12, 61 Avenue du Général de Gaulle, F-94010 Créteil Cedex, France

View larger version (18K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1 Dust storms in 1995, 1996, and 1997 and corresponding horizontal soil mass fluxes. Values correspond to the average sediment mass flux density of 15 sand traps located 0.1 m above ground on the eastern side of the experimental field. Events marked with an arrow correspond to dust storms with average wind direction comprised between 69.5 and 110.5° (North = 0, measured clockwise), used for subsequent sediment mass balance calculations

View larger version (15K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2 Average erosion reduction efficiency of ridged plots compared with control plots, as a function of cumulative rainfall

View larger version (22K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3 Millet growth during the 1997 growing season for the five experimental treatments

View larger version (18K): [in a new window]   Fig. 4 Incoming (eastern side) vs. outgoing (western side) soil mass fluxes (1995–1997) for the three control plots, for storms with an average wind direction comprised between 69.5 and 110.5° (North = 0, measured clockwise)

View larger version (18K): [in a new window]   Fig. 5 Incoming (eastern side) soil mass flux vs. soil mass balance on plots mulched with 2 Mg ha-1 of millet stover applied (a) as bands (1995–1997) or (b) broadcast (1996–1997), for storms with an average wind direction comprised between 69.5 and 110.5°