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A heavy-duty time domain reflectometry soil moisture probe for use in intensive field sampling

^a Northern Agric. Res. Center, Montana State Univ., Havre, MT 59501
^b Dep. of Land Resources and Environmental Sciences, Montana State Univ., Bozeman, MT 59717-3120
^c Dep. of Industrial and Engineering Technology, Montana State Univ., Northern Campus, Havre, MT 59501

View larger version (56K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1. Exploded diagram of the heavy-duty TDR probe: adapter coupling (A), top housing (B), and bottom housing (C).

View larger version (30K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2. Schematic diagram of the bottom housing. Dimensions are in millimeters.

View larger version (21K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3. Schematic diagram of the top housing. Dimensions are in millimeters.

View larger version (149K): [in a new window]   Fig. 4. Photograph of heavy-duty TDR probe mounted to Kelley bar of Giddings soil sampling machine.

View larger version (17K): [in a new window]   Fig. 5. Volumetric soil water contents measured using a heavy-duty TDR probe with the Ledieu et al. (1986) and Topp et al. (1980) calibration relationships. Calculated water contents are based on known water and soil volumes.

View larger version (43K): [in a new window]   Fig. 6. Distribution of soil water content in top 30-cm as derived from measurements with the heavy-duty TDR probe at sampling locations (denoted by x).