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Inversion of Soil Conductivity Profiles from Electromagnetic Induction Measurements

Theory and Experimental Verification

^a Geophysical Research Center and Dep. of Earth & Environmental Science, New Mexico Tech, Socorro, NM 87801
^b Dep. of Mathematics, New Mexico Tech, Socorro, NM 87801
^c Agricultural Research Service, U.S. George E. Brown Jr. Salinity Laboratory, Riverside, CA 92507-4617

View larger version (13K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1. Schematic of the M-layer model. Rx and Tx represent the receiver and transmitter coil of the noninvasive electromagnetic ground conductivity meter; t is the thickness of the soil layer; is the apparent electrical conductivity; 0 is the apparent electrical conductivity of free space; µ is the magnetic permeability; µ0 is the magnetic permeability of free space; h = height; and M is the number of layers including the semi-infinite layer at the bottom.

View larger version (18K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2. Linear and nonlinear model predictions of the EM38 measurements with the coils oriented vertically over a soil of uniform conductivity.

View larger version (67K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3. Depth profiles of mean measured apparent soil electrical conductivity EC, its range, and the predictions from the inverse procedures with the linear and nonlinear models in fourteen soil profiles.

View larger version (22K): [in a new window]   Fig. 4. Mean apparent soil electrical conductivities measured with the EM38 ground conductivity meter in vertical mode at different heights above the soil surface and their predictions with the linear and nonlinear models for four representative profiles.

View larger version (24K): [in a new window]   Fig. 5. Mean apparent soil electrical profile conductivity measured with EM38 ground conductivity meter in vertical mode vs. the difference of the errors resulting from the inverse procedures with the linear and nonlinear 1.5-m-depth models.