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Clay Mineralogical Transformations over Time in Hanford Sediments Reacted with Simulated Tank Waste

Dep. of Crop and Soil Sciences, Center for Multiphase Environmental Research, Washington State Univ., Pullman, WA 99164-6420

View larger version (35K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1. (a) Chemical composition of the supernatant solution for STW1 (0.1 M NaOH) and STW2 (0.5 M NaOH) reactions as a function of time, and (b) acidic ammonium oxalate extractable Al, Si, and Mg from colloidal reaction products. 14-pNCA is noncarbonate alkalinity at the same scale as pH.

View larger version (30K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2. X-ray diffraction patterns of Na-saturated colloidal material extracted from Hanford sediments reacted with simulated tank waste solutions at 50°C; (a) and (b) show the effect of reaction time on mineral alteration, and (c) shows the effect of NaOH concentrations on mineral alterations.

View larger version (32K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3. X-ray diffraction patterns of Na-saturated colloidal material extracted from Hanford sediments reacted with simulated tank waste solutions at 50°C. Patterns are shown for colloids before and after acidic ammonium oxalate (AAO) extraction.

View larger version (19K): [in a new window]   Fig. 4. Fourier transform infrared spectra of Hanford sediments reacted with simulated tank waste (STW3, 1.68 M NaOH) at 50°C.

View larger version (70K): [in a new window]   Fig. 5. Scanning electron micrographs of Hanford sediments reacted with simulated tank waste STW1 (0.1 M NaOH) and STW2 (0.5 M NaOH) at 50°C.

View larger version (30K): [in a new window]   Fig. 6. 27Al NMR of unreacted and reacted Hanford sediments at 50°C. (a) NMR spectra for 0.1 M NaOH, (b) NMR spectra for 0.5 M NaOH, and (c) NMR spectra for 1.68 M NaOH.

View larger version (22K): [in a new window]   Fig. 7. 29Si NMR of unreacted and reacted Hanford sediments at 50°C. (a) 0.1 M NaOH, (b) 0.5 M NaOH, and (c) 1.68 M NaOH. Numbers indicate major chemical shifts with respect to tetramethylsilane.