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Effect of Transient Irrigation on Boron Transport in Soils

Institute of Soil, Water and Environmental, Sciences, The Volcani Center, Agricultural Research Organization, P.O. Box 6, Bet Dagan 50250, Israel

View larger version (19K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 1. Hydraulic properties of the loamy sand and sandy loam soils used in the simulations. Parameters of the hydraulic functions = (h) and K = K(h) are given in Table 2; = volumetric water content, K = hydraulic conductivity, and h = soil water pressure.

View larger version (17K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 2. Boron adsorption isotherms for the loamy sand and sandy loam soils used in this study. The lines were calculated with Eq. [5], using the adsorption coefficients bm and k from Table 2.

View larger version (29K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 3. Measured and simulated breakthrough curves for B transport in the loamy sand and sandy loam soils at pore-water velocity, u, of 0.25 and 2.5 cm h–1. Solid lines were obtained with the nonequilibrium (NE) model, using the adsorption and transport parameters from Table 2. The rate coefficient values in Table 2 were obtained by fitting the NE model to the high-velocity data.

View larger version (36K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 4. Cyclic changes of water flux at the soil surface and variation of water flux with time at various depths z in the loamy sand and sandy loam soils.

View larger version (34K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 5. Variations of water content and water pressure h with time at various depths z for the loamy sand and sandy loam soils.

View larger version (29K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 6. Relative Br– concentration vs. time at various depths for the loamy sand and sandy loam soils. The simulations with the nonequilibrium (NE) model were performed with a rate coefficent () = 0.

View larger version (50K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 7. Relative B concentration vs. time at various depths in loamy sand soil and sandy loam soils, calculated for various values of the rate coefficient, , and local equilibrium (LE). Calculations were based on the parameters of Table 2 and the input B concentration of 2.5 mg L–1 in the irrigation water.